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Asylum: Inside the Closed World of State Mental Hospitals (The MIT Press)
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Review
The book will appeal to historians or scholars of material culture as well as to the medical personnel, photography lovers, and citizens familiar with the lore and lure of asylums.―Jane Simonsen, The Annals of IowaAstoundingly beautiful work on a subject that rarely gets the attention.―Aaron Britt, DwellBeautifully researched, exquisitely photographed and expertly composed and edited...Extraordinary.―Frieze...Asylum is of enormous value, as a record of how such places looked in their final years. More than that, and despite its dismal subject matter, it makes for a remarkable and endlessly fascinating book, one that can be recommended with enthusiasm to both the architectural historian and the general reader.―Times Literary Supplement
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Asylum: Inside the Closed World of State Mental Hospitals contains sadly beautiful photographs by Christopher Payne and a masterful essay by Oliver Sacks that reminds us that state hospitals were not always places of neglect and abuse but also of true asylum―of refuge from the stresses of life. The book presents us with a world of abandoned buildings, forgotten ashes, and derailed futures. It packs a powerful punch.―Elyn R. Saks, author of The Center Cannot Hold: My Journey Through Madness, and Professor, USC Law SchoolAsylum is a haunting, beautiful book of lost dreams and lost minds. It is a reminder that society's ideals deteriorate more rapidly than the structures built to facilitate them. Asylums for the insane, which started with high intentions, usually ended in horror and neglect. Oliver Sacks has written a deeply moving elegy for the lives of those who lived, and often died at these asylums and Christopher Payne has captured the soul of the asylums themselves through his extraordinary photographs. I cannot imagine forgetting this book: it has evoked sadness, awe, and shame.―Kay Redfield Jamison, Professor of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and author of An Unquiet MindChristopher Payne's photographs perfectly match his subjects: they are strong, yet understated and dignified―a fitting tribute to the talented architects who built these asylums and the troubled people they sheltered. It's impossible to look at this wonderful book without imagining the people who lived in these formidable structures, and wondering about their lives and what happened to them.―Henry Horenstein, photographer
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Product details
Series: The MIT Press
Hardcover: 209 pages
Publisher: The MIT Press; 1 edition (September 4, 2009)
Language: English
ISBN-10: 9780262013499
ISBN-13: 978-0262013499
ASIN: 0262013495
Product Dimensions:
11.8 x 1.2 x 10.2 inches
Shipping Weight: 3.9 pounds (View shipping rates and policies)
Average Customer Review:
4.7 out of 5 stars
90 customer reviews
Amazon Best Sellers Rank:
#319,353 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
I did not think this mostly picture book was going to be as moving and captivating as it was for me. Asylum takes you thru a patient's life as they lived there and worked there and even died there. Fascinating but very sad at the same time.
This beautifully-presented 2009 collection of photographs also includes a brief introductory essay by neurologist Oliver Sacks ,The Man Who Mistook His Wife For A Hat: And Other Clinical Tales, etc.].Sacks observes, "Sadly and ironically, soon after I arrived in the 1960s, work opportunties for patients virtually disappeared, under the guise of protecting their rights. It was considered that having patients work in the kitchen or laundry or garden, or in sheltered workshops, constituted 'exploitation.' This outlawing of work---based on legalistic notions of patients' rights and not on their real needs---deprived many patients of an important therapeutic mode, something that could give them incentives and identities of an economic and social sort. Work could 'normalize' and create community, could take patients out of their solipsistic inner worlds, and the effects of stopping it were demoralizing in the extreme. For many patients, who had previously enjoyed work and activity, there was now little left but sitting, zombielike, in front of the now-never-turned-off TV." (Pg. 4)He adds, "By 1990 it was clear that the system had overreacted, that the wholesale closings of state hospitals had proceeded far too rapidly, without any adequate alternatives in place. It was not wholesale closure that the state hospitals needed, but fixing: dealing with the overcrowding, the understaffing, the negligences and brutalities. For the chemical approach, while necessary, was not enough. We forgot the benign aspects of asylums, or perhaps we felt we could no longer afford to pay for them: the spaciousness and sense of community, the place for work and play, and for the gradual learning of social and vocational skills---a safe haven that state hospitals were well equipped to provide." (Pg. 5)Photographer Christopher Payne says, "After a peak in the mid-1950s, patient populations started to decline steadily with the introduction of psychotropic drugs, changes in commitment laws, and a shift in policy toward community-based care. In came the era of deinstitutionalization... the loss of patient labor... deprived hospitals of their precious workforce, which delivered the fatal blow to their economic viability. As the 1970s progressed, state hospitals wound down agricultural and manufacturing operations. Shops closed, services were contracted to the private sector, and farms were sold off to help pay for mandated services. Buildings already in disrepair were left to deteriorate further, too expensive to renovate and bring up to code. As patient numbers plummeted, the hospitals shut down, one by one... Today most people with mental illness are treated within their own communities. For those who are committed, their stays are usually numbered in days instead of months or years. Hospitalization is a last resort." (Pg. 12)This book will fascinate anyone interested in the history (and current fate!) of public mental hospitals.
At first glance this seems like a picture book of creepy old "nut houses", "looney bins", or whatever vernacular you choose. Sure you can take that and walk away and be correct in a sense. But if you choose to dig deeper you find much more.In the later half of the 19th century when mental asylums were coming into use, these grand structures were seen as a symbol of civic pride and stature much the same way a university or a state of the art hospital is considered. These were looked at as humanely treating thoes who were before chained to walls or thrown into jails with no treatment whatsoever for the cause of thier disorder. While the best of intentions were behind thier construction, they fell far short of thier expectations.This book photographs these haunting and delapitated places that have almost become likenesses of the very minds they were built to treat. Here the book is sectioned off very well between photographs of the outer facades, the regular wards, the work areas where the hospitals employed for a time the very patients as part of thier therapy, operating and treatment rooms, and the morgues.Not something for every coffee take. But for the curious of the strange and unique, this book is some real heavy material. Highly recommend!
The history of mental health care, and especially the asylums, is filled with enigmas.Once the asylums closed, it is estimated that 1/3 of the homeless population suffers from schizophrenia. Based on the American Psychiatric Association’s website, one in five of prisoners of our expensive prisons are seriously mentally ill. Many of the severe and persistently mentally ill people had no place to go when the asylums closed---thus, they ended up homeless. Many got into trouble and ended up in our expensive and non-therapeutic prisons.I worked as a clinical psychologist at an older asylum that was originally constructed in 1854. I decided to write an Archie Bunker version of mental health based on my experiences—TWO DAYS AT THE ASYLUM. It was supposed to be a bizarre novel about the happenings within an asylum. During the writing of this politically incorrect novel, I realized society must return to the asylums or at least provide therapeutic housing for the severely and persistently mentally ill. It is crazy that our contemporary society does not do to help people who are psychotic.
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